RAISING LIVESTOCK CRICKET (Gryllus mitratus Burm)

Today during the economic crisis in Indonesia,
cultivation cricket
(Liogryllus Bimaculatus) is very intense, as well as seminars
held in many cities. This activity is mostly done considering the
time
needed for egg production to be traded only
± takes 2-4 weeks. As for the production of cricket for
feed the fish and birds as well as to take the flour, requires only
2-3 months. Female crickets have a life cycle of ± 3 months, while
the male is less than 3 months. The female cicada life cycle capable
produced more than 500 eggs.
The spread of cricket in Indonesia is uneven, but for big cities that
many fans of birds and fish, were initially heavily dependent for
eating crickets derived from nature, over time with reduced cicada
captured from the wild then start trying to cultivate natural crickets
reared intensive and this effort made ​​a lot of Java island towns.
There are more than 100 species of crickets found in
Indonesia. Type the many cultivated at the moment is Mitratus
and Gryllus Gryllus testaclus, to feed the fish and birds. Both types
can be distinguished from the shape of her body, where it Gryllus
Mitratus wipositor shorter Gryllus Mitratus besides that have a
white line on the edge of the wing backs, and the appearance of
calm.
Fresh crickets already known well to feed the birds
chirping like poksay, kacer and hwambie and to feed the fish, it is
appropriate to
growth of shrimp and catfish in the form of flour.
LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
1) The location of cultivation should be tranquil, calm and get air
circulation
good.
2) The location away from noise sources such as markets, roads
and so forth.
3) No exposure to direct sunlight or excessive.
TECHNICAL GUIDELINES FOR RAISING
Preparation Facility and Equipment
Because crickets used to do activities at night the day, the cricket
cage should not be placed under the sun, so place it in the shade
and dark. Should be avoided from people passing through even
more so for nesting cage.
To maintain the stable condition close to its habitat, then the wall
cage smeared with mud fields and given dry leaves like banana
leaves, the leaves arise, breadfruit leaves and other leaves for a
hiding place of nature in addition to avoid cannibalism of crickets.
The walls of the cage should be covered with duct tape inside
circumference for cricket not to creep up to exit the cage.
In one side wall of the cage created a closed hole mesh for
provide good air circulation and to keep moisture
cage. For the size of crickets maintenance box, no size
standard. What matters in accordance with the requirements for
the amount of cicada populations
each cage. According to field monitoring results and experience
breeders, cage shape is usually rectangular with
height of 30-50 cm, width of 60-100 cm, while length 120-200
cm.
Box (enclosure) can be made ​​from wood with a framework of
rafters, but to
save costs, then the enclosure wall can be made ​​from plywood.
Cage
usually made ​​compound, and the cage bottom has minimal
four-foot buffer. To avoid disruption of animals such as ants,
mice, lizards and other insects, the fourth leg covered cage
bowl filled with water, kerosene or even vaseline (fat) that
dilumurkan in each foot buffer.
Nurseries
1) Selection of Seeds and Prospective Parent
Seeds should be required to raise a healthy, not sick, not
disability (grouse or a broken leg) and the age of about 10-20
days. Prospective parent
A good cricket crickets derived from the natural catchment
free, because it usually has better endurance. Even if
female parent can not be from wild catches, then the parent can
purchased from the farm. While the male parent cultivated from
the wild,
because it is more aggressive.
The characteristics of sires, female and male parent which is as
follows:
a. Sires:
- Growled (antenna) is still long and full.
- Both hind legs are still incomplete.
- Can jump with a nimble, agile and look healthy.
- Body and glossy black fur crickets.
- Choose a great parent.
- View select crickets that emit liquid from the mouth and
anus when held.
b. Male Parent:
- Always remove the chirping sound.
- The surface of the wing or back rough and bumpy.
- Do not have the ovipositor in the tail.
- Master Female:
- No chirping.
- Smooth surface of the back or wing.
- No ovipositor under the tail to remove the eggs.
2) seed treatment and Prospective Parent
Nursing crickets that have been removed from the old hatchery
box
10 days must be properly addressed and controlled diet, because
growing very rapidly. So if food is less, then
puppies will be cannibals eat crickets weak chicks. In addition
It should also be controlled humidity and animal pests, namely,
ant, rat, lizard, cockroaches and spiders. To reduce the nature of
the cannibal
crickets, the food should not be less. Usual food
given, among other sweet potatoes, cassava, vegetables and
leaves and is given
turn every day.
3) System Pemuliabiakan
Until now the known breeding crickets is to
mated male and female parent, while to spawn there
natural and there is also by Caesarean. But the risk in a way
Caesarean likely female parent dies and the eggs obtained
unequal power tetasnya parents so low.
4) Reproduction and Marriage
Holding the power to produce eggs high tetasnya ± 80-90% if
given highly nutritious food. Each breeder has ramuanramuan
specifically given to the parent crickets include: bran
corn, sticky items, fish meal, duck egg yolk, and sometimes calc
plus vitamins.
Besides the stable atmosphere should be similar to the habitat of
the wild,
enclosure walls smeared clay, white cement and wood glue, and
given
dry leaves like banana leaves, teak leaves, sugar cane leaves and
shavings
timber.
Crickets usually lay their eggs dipasir or soil. So in
special cage laying prepared sand media which included dipiring
small. Comparisons between female and male 10: 2, in order to
obtain eggs
tetasnya power high. If the crickets have finished laying eggs
about 5 days,
then the egg is separated from its mother so as not to be eaten
later parent
bagiab cage sprayed with a solution of antibiotics in
(Cotrymoxale). In addition to natural spawning, may also be
nesting
by Caesarean. But the shortcomings are not evenly distributed
eggs
maturation (hatching).
5) The delivery process
Before hatching eggs should be prepared beforehand cages
surface in a cage covered with sand, chaff or towel
soft. In one cage enough to put 1-2 teaspoons egg where
one teaspoon of eggs is estimated to range between 1500-2000
eggs.
During this process the egg color will change color from clear
to look cloudy. Humidity should be maintained by spraying eggs
eggs every day and eggs should be dibulak and forth to avoid
mildew.
Eggs will hatch about 4-6 days evenly.
Maintenance
1) Sanitation and Preventive Measures
As already mentioned above that in the management of cricket
farm
This sanitation is an issue that is very important. To avoid
existence of toxic substances or materials contained in the cage,
then
before the crickets introduced into the cage, it's good cage
first be cleaned and smeared mud fields. To prevent
pest, then the cage was given legs and each leg of each
inserted into cans filled with water.
2) Control of Diseases
For the selected magnification jangkrikn crickets healthy and
separated from
the sick. Animal feed must be maintained so do not let anyone
moldy because it can become a den of disease. The cage is kept
damp but not wet, because wet cages can also
cause disease.
3) Animal Care
Treatment besides cricket cage conditions that must be cultivated
together
with the original habitat, which is moist and dark, it is no less
importance of adequate nutrition is not to eat each other
(cannibalism).
4) Feeding
1-10 days old chicks given Voor (chicken food) made
darikacang soy, brown rice and dried corn is mashed. After
This vase, puppies can begin fed with vegetables besides corn
young and squash.
As for the cricket that was an arranged marriage, fed with among
others:
cabbage, carrot, baby corn, peanuts, cassava leaves and
cucumber
because of high water content. Even some that add a feed
livestock are an arranged marriage to another anatar: corn bran,
fish flour, glutinous
black, yellow, duck egg, calc and some vitamins are refined and
mixed into one.
5) Maintenance Cage
Water contained in cans at the foot of the cage, replaced every 2
days
and humidity enclosure must be considered and sought for
danger
not to get into the cage.
PEST AND DISEASE
Diseases, Pests and Causes
Until now has not found a serious disease that attacks the crickets.
Usually the disease is caused by the fungus attached to the leaf.
Whereas
pests that often interfere with ants or crickets are small insects,
rat, lizard, frog and snake.
Attack Pest and Disease Prevention
To avoid infection by the fungus, then the food and leaves the
place
cover the contaminated mushrooms should be discarded.
Crickets pest
can be overcome by making by making cans containing water, oil
soil or grease smeared on foot cage.
Giving Vaccinations and Drugs
For the time being due to pests and diseases could be addressed
in preventive, then
crickets disease could be reduced to a minimum. So the
administration of drugs and vaccination is not required.
HARVEST
Main Results
Breeders crickets can obtain 2 (two) main outcome value
economical as large, namely: eggs that can be sold to other
breeders and adult crickets to feed the birds and fish as well as for
flour crickets.
Arrest
Eggs that have been laid by its mother in sand or soil,
filtered and placed on a wet cloth media. For each fold
damp cloth can be placed 1 teaspoon of egg which is then to be
traded.
As for the crickets adult age 40-55 days or 55-70 days in which
new body begins to grow wings, captured by hand
and entered the shelter place for the sale.
1) Rural Community Economic Development Project - BAPPENAS
Coconut Jl.Sunda No. 7 Jakarta, Tel. 021 390 9829, Fax. 021 390
9829
2) Office of the State Minister for Research and Technology,
Deputy for Administrative Reform
and Correctional Science and Technology, BPPT Building II, 6th
Floor, Jl. MHThamrin No. 8,
Jakarta 10340, Indonesia, Tel. +62 21 316 9166 ~ 69, Fax. +62 21
310 1952,
Website: http://www.ristek.go.id
Jakarta, March 2000
Source: Rural Community Economic Development Project,
Bappenas